{"id":1313941,"date":"2026-02-16T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-02-16T13:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wisconsinwatch.org\/?p=1313941"},"modified":"2026-02-19T13:47:51","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T19:47:51","slug":"milwaukee-public-schools-segregation-residents-civil-rights-activists-timeline","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wisconsinwatch.org\/2026\/02\/milwaukee-public-schools-segregation-residents-civil-rights-activists-timeline\/","title":{"rendered":"How residents and civil rights activists pushed Milwaukee Public Schools to desegregate","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\"><b>Reading Time: <\/b><\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 6<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span>\n<!--Copy code below-->\n<style>\n\/* A very brutal code to make sure sticky part works *\/\ndiv, body, .container, .entry-content, .wp-block-group__inner-container, .wp-block-group, .wp-block-column {\n      overflow: visible !important;\n      overflow-x: visible !important;\n      overflow-y: visible !important;\n    }\n<\/style> \n<script src=\"https:\/\/d3js.org\/d3.v7.min.js\"><\/script>\n<script src=\"https:\/\/unpkg.com\/scrollama\"><\/script>\n<!--  graphic container  -->\n<section id=\"scroll-to-start\">\n    <section id='scrolly-steps'>\n        <!--  graphic container  -->\n        <div class='scroll__graphic-steps'>\n            <!-- Four step images including the opener -->\n            <!-- Image shuffling effect inspired by https:\/\/codepen.io\/cbolson\/pen\/MYgrjrm-->\n            <div class='step-images-container'>\n                <div class='step-image' data-step='0' style=\"width: 80% !important;\">\n                    <figure class=\"image-1\">\n                        <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/assemarch_665_full-scaled.jpg?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                    <\/figure>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class='step-image' data-step='1'>\n                    <figure class=\"image-1\">\n                        <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/assemarch_663_full-scaled.jpg?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                    <\/figure>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class='step-image' data-step='2'>\n                    <figure class=\"image-1\">\n                        <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/assemarch_660_full-scaled.jpg?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                    <\/figure>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class='step-image' data-step='3'>\n                    <figure class=\"image-1\">\n                        <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/asse9999000745-scaled.jpg?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                    <\/figure>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <!-- Text display area below images -->\n            <div class='step-text-display'>\n                <p class='step-text' data-step='0'>For over a decade, Milwaukee residents and civil rights figures protested racial segregation in Milwaukee Public Schools.<\/p>\n                <p class='step-text' data-step='1'>Students protested alongside local leaders including Alderwoman Vel Phillips and Father James Groppi.<\/p>\n                <p class='step-text' data-step='2'>Activists organized citywide school boycotts, with churches hosting &#8216;freedom schools&#8217; to teach students amid the protests.<\/p>\n                <p class='step-text' data-step='3'>For years, families fought against intact busing, which maintained existing segregation in Milwaukee Public Schools.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <!--  step\/text container (invisible triggers) -->\n        <div class='scroll__text-steps'>\n            <div class='step-trigger' data-step='0'><\/div>\n            <div class='step-trigger' data-step='1'><\/div>\n            <div class='step-trigger' data-step='2'><\/div>\n            <div class='step-trigger' data-step='3'><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <style>\n        .image-1 {\n            display: flex;\n            width: 100%;\n            gap: var(--spacing1);\n            align-items: center;\n            justify-content: center;\n            flex-direction: column;\n            margin: auto;\n        }\n\n        .image-1 img {\n            width: 100%;\n            height: auto;\n        }\n\n        #scroll {\n        position: relative;\n        min-height: 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Second image: James Groppi Photographs, used with permission of the Wisconsin Historical Society and University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries. Third image: James Groppi Photographs, used with permission of the Wisconsin Historical Society and University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries. Fourth image: Courtesy of the Wisconsin Historical Society, Lloyd A. Barbee papers, Image ID:4993<\/span>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>A year of protests against school segregation wasn\u2019t enough to sway Milwaukee Public Schools to integrate. So in 1965, Milwaukee attorney and National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) leader Lloyd Barbee filed a lawsuit against the district, arguing it intentionally took action to keep schools segregated.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Racially restrictive covenants and redlining already legally maintained neighborhood segregation in the city, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee urban studies professor Anne Bonds said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIn a dynamic where you have a deeply segregated landscape and a housing landscape that\u2019s been produced by design \u2026&nbsp; the schools that children would attend in their racially segregated neighborhoods would reflect the patterns of racial segregation that exist,\u201d Bonds said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After 10 years of fighting, federal Judge John Reynolds ruled on Jan. 19, 1976, that Milwaukee Public Schools needed to take action to desegregate schools. But how did they get there?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--Copy code below-->\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/unpkg.com\/aos@next\/dist\/aos.css\"\/>\n<div class=\"timeline\" style=\"padding-top: 80px;overflow-x: clip !important;\">\n\n        <!--decade section-->\n                <div class=\"decade\" id=\"1940\">\n                    <div class=\"inner\">\n                        <div class=\"decade-title aos-init\" data-aos=\"flip-up\">\n                            <h2>1940s<\/h2>\n                        <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/da8ad841-d09e-4e71-9775-c88f54c09e4d.png?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">1948<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\"data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>Federal ruling states racially restrictive covenants unenforceable<\/h3>\n                                        <p>U.S. Supreme Court case Shelley v. Kraemer rules that racially restrictive covenants could no longer be enforced, but the practice continues in metropolitan Milwaukee into the 1960s. University of Wisconsin- Milwaukee professor Derek Handley says covenants were not ruled illegal until 1968 with the Fair Housing Act.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n                            \n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            \n                <div class=\"decade\" id=\"1960\">\n                    <div class=\"inner\">\n                        <div class=\"decade-title aos-init\" data-aos=\"flip-up\">\n                            <h2>1960s<\/h2>\n                        <\/div>\n                        \n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure><\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">July 9, 1963<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>NAACP leader calls for end to de facto segregation<\/h3>\n                                        <p>Lloyd Barbee, president of the Wisconsin chapter of the NAACP, makes an official call to the state superintendent and Milwaukee Public Schools to desegregate schools.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n                            \n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure><\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">August 1963<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>MPS Board forms Special Committee on Equality of Educational Opportunity<\/h3>\n                                        <p>MPS School Board President Lorraine M. Radtke establishes the committee \u201cfor the express purpose of providing a dispassionate and objective study for all the problems in this area,\u201d she tells the Milwaukee Journal.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n                            \n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/asseScreenshot-2026-02-04-at-1.12.27-PM.png?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Headline about a desegregation protest in Milwaukee from Milwaukee Sentinel, Feb. 3, 1964<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">Feb. 3, 1964<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>Schools protest against intact busing<\/h3>\n                                        <p>NAACP and the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) stage protests at three schools: Twelfth Street School, 20th Street School and Sherman School. A CORE and NAACP leaflet said intact busing \u2014 the practice of busing entire classes of students and teachers from overcrowded or remodeled schools into other schools without integrating them into the general school population \u2014 was \u201cblatantly discriminatory.\u201d<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure><\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">March 1, 1964<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>Barbee forms Milwaukee United School Integration Committee (MUSIC)<\/h3>\n                                        <p>Lloyd Barbee serves as chairman, accompanied by civil rights, labor, social, religious and political groups and leaders including Ald. Vel Phillips and Father James Groppi. MUSIC starts planning a school boycott.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/assemarch_203_full-scaled.jpg?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Used with permission of the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">May 18, 1964<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>8,500 students attend Freedom Schools, boycott MPS<\/h3>\n                                        <p>MUSIC organizes 32 freedom schools, where a mix of university professors, artists, musicians, professional teachers and individuals with professional training hold classes for a day.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure><\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">June 18, 1965<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>Barbee files desegregation suit in federal court<\/h3>\n                                        <p>Barbee files Amos et al. v. Board of School Directors of the city of Milwaukee on behalf of 41 Black and white students, arguing that MPS intentionally maintained segregation in schools. The district argues that, while its schools might be segregated, it was due to the segregated neighborhoods of Milwaukee and not from intentional action of the school board.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                       <figure>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/collections.lib.uwm.edu\/digital\/collection\/march\/id\/2585\/rec\/28\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/asseScreenshot-2026-01-22-at-4.50.14-PM.png?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <\/a>\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Video from University of Wisconsin Milwaukee MUSIC Records archives<\/figcaption>\n                                       <\/figure> \n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">Oct. 18 to Oct. 22, 1965<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>MUSIC begins second school boycott<\/h3>\n                                        <p>For over three days, thousands of students boycott Milwaukee Public Schools and return to freedom schools organized around the city.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/collections.lib.uwm.edu\/digital\/collection\/march\/id\/2560\/rec\/12\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/asseScreenshot-2026-01-22-at-4.34.53-PM.png?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <\/a>\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Video from University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee MUSIC Records archives<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">Dec. 5 to Dec. 17, 1965<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>MUSIC begins daily demonstrations at MacDowell School construction site<\/h3>\n                                        <p>MUSIC holds daily protests at the school out of concern that the school enrollment will be heavily Black students. Protesters chain themselves to construction equipment, hold all-night vigils and march from the school to the MPS Central Office.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/asse3391df0c-cee0-4c50-a30e-c9876d82cc55.png?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Headline from Milwaukee Sentinel<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">March 28, 1966<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>Hundreds of students boycott North Division High School<\/h3>\n                                        <p>MUSIC opens three different freedom schools for students in its third school boycott. \u201cThe selective boycott gives us a chance to do a quality job in real compensatory education,\u201d Barbee said.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/fd5ed276-b5fc-4d12-9e8a-3856e6f6591d.png?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Headline from Milwaukee Journal<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">Sept. 16, 1967<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>Report on Milwaukee Public Schools recommends adopting policy to reduce racial isolation<\/h3>\n                                        <p>The Academy for Educational Development studies Milwaukee Public Schools for a year. The report finds that the district should reduce racial isolation but also says neither integration nor special educational efforts alone will solve problems with poor education for Black students.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                        <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/d8848936-76e6-435f-9dc6-3d59b6bd8a38.png?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                        <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Headline from Milwaukee Journal<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">January-February 1968<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>White Hawley School parents protest busing children to MacDowell<\/h3>\n                                        <p>Renovations at Hawley Road School (now Hawley Environmental School) are set to start in February. As a result, predominately white students will be bused to MacDowell School, which was 50% Black, under the district\u2019s intact busing program. Nearly 100 angry parents attend an informational meeting about the changes. Some raise concerns about crime, while others believe the move is an attempt at racial integration. Nine parents are charged with violating state attendance laws by refusing to let their children be bused to MacDowell.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n                            \n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n            \n                <div class=\"decade\" id=\"1970\">\n                    <div class=\"inner\">\n                        <div class=\"decade-title aos-init\" data-aos=\"flip-up\">\n                            <h2>1970s<\/h2>\n                        <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/000cf9d9-0e86-4bbe-83b9-379a9bccedda.png?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Headline from Milwaukee Journal<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">Aug. 3, 1971<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>After 17 years of intact busing, MPS school board votes to end practice<\/h3>\n                                        <p>Though Black students are bused to white schools, races are still segregated in different classes. School board member Robert G. Wegmann visits Cass Street School and sees students segregated even in the cafeteria, with \u201ca row of white, a row of Black,\u201d he tells the Milwaukee Journal.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n                            \n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure><\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">June 4, 1974<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>MPS Board limits transfers into Riverside High School to keep school integrated<\/h3>\n                                        <p>White enrollment at Riverside High School drops from 70% in 1971 to 40% in 1974. Without the transfer policy, the Milwaukee Journal reports white enrollment will drop to 36% during the upcoming school year.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n                            \n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure><\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">Feb. 17, 1975<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>MPS Board approves action to prevent eight additional schools from becoming all Black or Latino<\/h3>\n                                        <p>In addition to Riverside, the plan targets Washington High School, Custer High School, Steuben Middle School, Edison Junior High School, Kosciuszko Middle School, Wright Junior High School, Muir Middle School and South Division High School. The plan would create school-community committees at all schools, including Riverside. The board anticipates regulating transfers of students from outside neighborhoods.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure><\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">July 1, 1975<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>Lee McMurrin becomes MPS superintendent<\/h3>\n                                        <p>Known for his work opening magnet schools and managing integration plans in Toledo, Ohio, McMurrin leads the district through the bulk of its integration plans in the late 1970s.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/6e5597b3-d24f-4242-a879-5b002b5527e9.png?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Headline from Milwaukee Journal<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">Jan. 19, 1976<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>Judge John Reynolds rules MPS must desegregate<\/h3>\n                                        <p>After a lengthy legal battle, Reynolds says MPS must develop a plan to desegregate its schools. \u201cI have concluded that segregation exists in the Milwaukee public schools and that this segregation was intentionally created and maintained by the defendants,&#8221; Reynolds says.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/asseScreenshot-2026-01-19-at-11.54.46-AM.png?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Screenshot of portion of settlement agreement between Coalition to Save North Division and Milwaukee Public School board. (Provided by Howard Fuller)<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">April 24, 1976<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>After extensive protests from the Coalition to Save North Division, the school board votes to abandon North Division magnet school plan<\/h3>\n                                        <p>Milwaukee Public Schools decides to drop its plan to turn North Division High School into a magnet school after the Coalition to Save North Division takes legal action and reaches an out-of-court settlement.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">September 1976<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>Golda Meir School (then Fourth Street School) re-opens as a specialty school for the gifted and talented<\/h3>\n                                        <p>Fourth Street School, later renamed after former Prime Minister of Israel Golda Meir, was a predominately Black school until the district turns it into a magnet elementary school.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/9999018578-scaled.jpg?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Students walk out of Parkman Junior High School (Courtesy of the Wisconsin Historical Society, Milwaukee Sentinel, Image ID:140420)<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">Oct. 1, 1977<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>Triple O and Blacks for Two Way Integration stage school walkout to protest district\u2019s burden of desegregation on Black students<\/h3>\n                                        <p>About 1,300 students stage a walkout at about 10 schools, sponsored by the Organization of Organizations (Triple O) and Blacks for Two Way Integration. The Milwaukee Public School Board asks its attorney to investigate whether the district can prosecute students for disruption and promoting truancy, and cuts off $70,000 in funding for the Social Development Commission (SDC), which funded Triple O.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/6e2d89ae-9671-4d9b-89e0-dce14f98b990.png?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Headline from Milwaukee Sentinel<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">September 1978<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>Rufus King reopens as a college preparatory school<\/h3>\n                                        <p>The school, renamed Rufus King High School for the College Bound, is rebranded in an attempt to integrate the predominately Black school.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n\n                                <div class=\"history-card\">\n                                    <div class=\"history-image aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-left\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <figure>\n                                            <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/March-CSND-scaled.jpeg?quality=100&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\">\n                                            <figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Picture provided by Howard Fuller<\/figcaption>\n                                        <\/figure>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"separator\">\n                                        <div class=\"triangle\"><\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"year-box aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <div class=\"yearcode\">May 1, 1979<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"history-text aos-init\" data-aos=\"fade-up-right\" data-aos-delay=\"100\" data-aos-duration=\"500\">\n                                        <h3>MPS Board announces plans to close North Division, reopen as a science and medical magnet school<\/h3>\n                                        <p>Residents quickly begin protesting out of concern that district integration plans are unfairly placing the burden of segregation on Black students. Students, residents and civil rights organizers form the Coalition to Save North Division.<\/p>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n                            \n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n\n         <div class=\"site-info\">\n            <span>Source: Milwaukee Journal, Milwaukee Sentinel, and University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Barbee Papers<\/span>\n            <span><br>Timeline by Alex Klaus \/ Milwaukee Neighborhood News Service \/ Report for America and Hongyu Liu \/ Wisconsin Watch<\/span>\n         <\/div> \n         \n         <script src=\"https:\/\/unpkg.com\/aos@next\/dist\/aos.js\"><\/script>\n            <script>\n                \/\/ Wait for AOS to load before initializing\n                (function() {\n                    function checkAOSLoaded() {\n                        return typeof AOS !== 'undefined';\n                    }\n                    \n                    function 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padding: 5px 25px 5px 22px;\n        background-color: #233166;\n        color: white !important;\n        display: inline-block;\n        border-radius: 3px;\n    }\n\n    @media (max-width: 880px) {\n        .decade-title h2 {\n            margin: 10px 0 40px 0;\n            line-height: 80px;\n            font-size: 3.5em;\n        }\n\n        .history-card {\n                -ms-grid-columns: 30px 1fr;\n                grid-template-columns: 30px 1fr;\n                grid-template-areas:\n                \"separator year-box\"\n                \"separator history-image\"\n                \"separator history-text\";\n            }\n\n        .history-image {\n            display: flex;\n            align-items: center;\n        }\n\n        .history-image img {\n            width: 100%;\n            height: auto;\n            display: block;\n        }\n\n        .history-text {\n            margin-bottom: 3rem;\n        }\n\n        .separator {\n            -ms-grid-row: 1;\n            -ms-grid-row-span: 3;\n            -ms-grid-column: 1;\n        }\n\n        .separator .triangle {\n            top: 7px;\n            left: 0px;\n        }\n\n        .separator .triangle:after {\n            content: \"\";\n        }\n\n        .history-card:nth-child(2n) {\n            -ms-grid-columns: 30px 1fr;\n            grid-template-columns: 30px 1fr;\n            grid-template-areas:\n            \"separator year-box\"\n            \"separator history-image\"\n            \"separator history-text\";\n        }\n\n        .history-card:nth-child(2n) .triangle {\n            border-left: 10px solid #233166;\n            border-right: none;\n            left: 0px;\n        }\n\n        .history-card:nth-child(2n) .triangle::before{\n            content: \"\";\n        }\n\n        .history-card:nth-child(2n) .triangle::after {\n            content: \"\";\n        }\n    }\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n<p>Last month marked the 50-year anniversary of Reynolds\u2019 desegregation order.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, MPS still faces many of the challenges the order sought to address, including the achievement gap between Black and white students and ongoing segregation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The district\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.milwaukeepublicschools.org\/about\/directory\/operations\/facilities-maintenance\/master-plan\">10-year Long-Range Facilities Master Plan<\/a> stated that a major area of challenge was imbalance of resources and inconsistent quality between schools.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the start of her tenure, MPS Superintendent Brenda Casselius has said she plans to work with other sectors to address ongoing segregation and that <a href=\"https:\/\/spectrumnews1.com\/wi\/milwaukee\/news\/2025\/03\/21\/mps-superintendent--brenda-cassellius--one-on-one\">bridging the achievement gap<\/a> is one of her top priorities.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\t<div\n\t\tclass=\"wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles  wpnbha is-grid columns-2 colgap-2 show-image image-alignleft ts-2 is-3 is-landscape \"\n\t\tstyle=\"\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t<div data-posts data-current-post-id=\"1313941\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"article-section-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span>more about milwaukee schools<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t<article data-post-id=\"1315041\"\n\t\tclass=\"tag-education tag-milwaukee tag-milwaukee-neighborhood-news-service tag-milwaukee-public-schools tag-news tag-school category-education type-post post-has-image\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wisconsinwatch.org\/2026\/03\/milwaukee-hmong-american-peace-academy-school-national-recognition\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/G86A6469-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Hmong American Peace Academy received national recognition for exceptional performance. How did it do it?\" data-hero-candidate=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/G86A6469-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/G86A6469-scaled-1.jpg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/G86A6469-scaled-1.jpg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/G86A6469-scaled-1.jpg?resize=400%2C300&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/G86A6469-scaled-1.jpg?resize=200%2C150&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/G86A6469-scaled-1.jpg?zoom=2&amp;resize=1200%2C900&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 2400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/G86A6469-scaled-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=370 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><!-- .featured-image -->\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wisconsinwatch.org\/2026\/03\/milwaukee-hmong-american-peace-academy-school-national-recognition\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Hmong American Peace Academy received national recognition for exceptional performance. How did it do it?<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-wrapper -->\n\t<\/article>\n\n\t\t\n\t<article data-post-id=\"1314301\"\n\t\tclass=\"tag-milwaukee tag-milwaukee-neighborhood-news-service tag-milwaukee-public-schools tag-news category-community category-education type-post post-has-image\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/wisconsinwatch.org\/2026\/02\/milwaukee-coalition-to-save-north-division-high-school-integration-1970s\/\" rel=\"bookmark\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/March-CSND-scaled-1.jpeg?resize=1200%2C900&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"How Milwaukee residents rallied to save North Division High School from closure during 1970s integration fight\" data-hero-candidate=\"1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/March-CSND-scaled-1.jpeg?resize=1200%2C900&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/March-CSND-scaled-1.jpeg?resize=800%2C600&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/March-CSND-scaled-1.jpeg?resize=600%2C450&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/March-CSND-scaled-1.jpeg?resize=400%2C300&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/March-CSND-scaled-1.jpeg?resize=200%2C150&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/March-CSND-scaled-1.jpeg?zoom=2&amp;resize=1200%2C900&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1 2400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/wisconsinwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/March-CSND-scaled-1.jpeg?resize=1200%2C900&amp;quality=100&amp;ssl=1&amp;w=370 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure><!-- .featured-image -->\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wisconsinwatch.org\/2026\/02\/milwaukee-coalition-to-save-north-division-high-school-integration-1970s\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">How Milwaukee residents rallied to save North Division High School from closure during 1970s integration fight<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .entry-wrapper -->\n\t<\/article>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A timeline of events related to efforts to address segregation at MPS in the &#8217;60s and &#8217;70s. <\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1420,"featured_media":1313926,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"single-feature.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"gigafact_has_fact_brief":false,"gigafact_remote_fact_brief_post_id":0,"gigafact_remote_sync_timestamp":"","gigafact_remote_sync_status":"","gigafact_remote_sync_response":"","gigafact_has_been_published":false,"newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"apple_news_api_created_at":"","apple_news_api_id":"","apple_news_api_modified_at":"","apple_news_api_revision":"","apple_news_api_share_url":"","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_newspack_byline_active":false,"_newspack_byline":"","newspack_content_restriction_is_exempt":false,"newspack_featured_image_position":"hidden","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false},"categories":[85],"tags":[672,3849,18583,3656,3617],"partner":[],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"type-of-work":[],"coauthors":[19222,19298],"class_list":["post-1313941","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","tag-milwaukee","tag-milwaukee-neighborhood-news-service","tag-milwaukee-public-schools","tag-news","tag-wisconsin-watch","entry"],"fact_brief":null,"apple_news_notices":[],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","canonical_url":"https:\/\/wisconsinwatch.org\/2026\/02\/milwaukee-public-schools-segregation-residents-civil-rights-activists-timeline\/","smart_links":{"inbound":0,"outbound":0},"traffic_boost_suggestions_count":0,"meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"How 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